This article describes the technical specifications parameters of lead-acid batteries. This article uses the Eastman Tall Tubular Conventional Battery (lead-acid) specifications as an example. Battery Specified Capacity Test @ 27 °C and 10.5V The most important aspect of a battery is its C-rating.
The capacity of a lead–acid battery is not a fixed quantity but varies according to how quickly it is discharged. The empirical relationship between discharge rate and capacity is known as Peukert's law.
A Lead Acid Battery consists of the following things, we can see it in the below image: A Lead Acid Battery consists of Plates, Separator, and Electrolyte, Hard Plastic with a hard rubber case. In the batteries, the plates are of two types, positive and negative. The positive one consists of Lead dioxide and negative one consists of Sponge Lead.
This total construction is kept in a hard plastic case with an electrolyte. The electrolyte is water and sulfuric acid. The hard plastic case is one cell. A single cell store typically 2.1V. Due to this reason, A 12V lead acid battery consists of 6 cells and provide 6 x 2.1V/Cell = 12.6V typically.
Normally battery manufacturer provides the proper method of charging the specific lead-acid batteries. Constant current charging is not typically used in Lead Acid Battery charging. Most common charging method used in lead acid battery is constant voltage charging method which is an effective process in terms of charging time.
Batteries have an Ampere-Hour (Ah) rating. A discharge rate is normally included with this to signify the maximum current that the battery can be discharged at and achieve the rated capacity. As an example a battery with 60Ah C/20 has a 60Ah capacity when discharged at the capacity divided by 20 which equals 3 Amps in this case.