Various application domains are considered. Energy storage is one of the hot points of research in electrical power engineering as it is essential in power systems. It can improve power system stability, shorten energy generation environmental influence, enhance system efficiency, and also raise renewable energy source penetrations.
Specific storage solutions might be chosen based on the application's performance needs. For large-scale energy storage applications, pumped-hydro and thermal energy storage systems are ideal, whereas battery energy storage systems are highly recommended for high power and energy requirements.
They also intend to effect the potential advancements in storage of energy by advancing energy sources. Renewable energy integration and decarbonization of world energy systems are made possible by the use of energy storage technologies.
This paper presents a comprehensive review of the most popular energy storage systems including electrical energy storage systems, electrochemical energy storage systems, mechanical energy storage systems, thermal energy storage systems, and chemical energy storage systems.
The energy storage system is regarded as the most effective method for overcoming these intermittents. There are a variety of ESSs that store energy in various forms. Some of these systems have attained maturity, while others are still under development.
The sizing and placement of energy storage systems (ESS) are critical factors in improving grid stability and power system performance. Numerous scholarly articles highlight the importance of the ideal ESS placement and sizing for various power grid applications, such as microgrids, distribution networks, generating, and transmission [167, 168].