Lithium-ion batteries (sometimes abbreviated Li-ion batteries) are a type of compact, rechargeable power storage device with high energy density and high discharge voltage. They are established market leaders in clean energy storage technologies because of their relatively high energy-to-weight ratios, lack of memory effect and long life .
Lithium-ion batteries are another popular energy storage and conversion device and meet energy storage requirements because of their fast charge capability, robust cycle life, and high energy density, and have been frequently used in mobile phones, portable electronic devices, pure electric vehicles, and large-scale energy storage [183–185].
In a Li-ion battery, during discharge, the li ions transport from the negative (−ve) electrode to the positive (+ve) electrode through an electrolyte and during charge period, Lithium-ion battery employs li compound as the material at +ve side and graphite at the −ve side. Li-ion batteries have high energy density and low self-discharge.
Typically, lithium-ion batteries consist of three primary functional components: an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte (Fig. 14), for which a variety of materials may be used. There are opportunities for electrospinning to create new materials that potentially improve all three of these components.
Lithium-ion battery (LIB) is one of the most attractive rechargeable batteries, which is widely used for powering electronic devices in the daily lives. Similar to the 2D nanomaterials (e.g. graphene, MoS 2, MnO), 3D architectures have been used as active electrode materials in lithium-ion batteries.
They have high energy and high power density. Lithium-ion batteries consist of carbon compounds on the positive electrode with an oxide layer at the negative electrode. Their efficiency is high compared with that of other batteries, and they have good battery life. They are temperature dependent. Their main drawback is their high cost.