Metallic foil anodes have long attracted researchers’ attention in lithium rechargeable batteries since the early 1970s when Rao et al. demonstrated that the lithium-aluminum anode can effectively suppress Li dendrite formation .
Table 1. Compilation of different types of pre-treatments on lithium metal foil and their effects on the improvement of electrochemical performance. Only a few examples of pre-treatment of lithium foil for direct use in all-solid-state batteries have been reported.
They also help keep the air from reacting with the lithium inside. Even after two weeks of being exposed to the air, the foil retained about 95 percent of its capacity as an electrode. Lower the fraction of graphene used in the starting mix and air becomes a problem, with the electrode losing nearly half of its capacity in the same two weeks.
Daqing Li, Fulu Chu, Zhenjiang He, Yi Cheng, Feixiang Wu. Single-material aluminum foil as anodes enabling high-performance lithium-ion batteries: The roles of prelithiation and working mechanism.
The lithium foil was immersed five times in a strongly diluted nitromethane solution containing the polymer and subsequently dried to obtain a sufficiently thick layer. A clear improvement was observed for long cycling experiments at 0.2C since ~876 mAh g −1 was obtained after 200 cycles corresponding to a capacity retention of 73.5%.
A protective layer, mainly composed of LiI and LiIO 3 ionic conductive materials, was deposited on the lithium surface by immersing it in a DMSO solution containing HIO 3 acid (Jia et al., 2017). After chemical treatment, the lithium foil displayed a smooth and tight surface, and the chemical composition of the layer was confirmed by XPS analyses.