According to incomplete statistics, its proportion can reach 35%. From the global development of NEVs, the cathode material of the battery mainly includes lead–acid batteries, lithium manganese iron phosphate (LMFP) batteries, lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries, and lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) batteries .
However, as time goes by, the improvement of science and technology, and the change of people’s mindset, lead–acid batteries gradually lost their advantages in competition. Lead–acid batteries are mostly used as auxiliary batteries in automobiles, and they cannot provide power to vehicles for a long time.
Lead–acid batteries are mostly used as auxiliary batteries in automobiles, and they cannot provide power to vehicles for a long time. Researchers are constantly improving lead–acid batteries and have achieved some positive results.
The technical challenges facing lead–acid batteries are a consequence of the complex interplay of electrochemical and chemical processes that occur at multiple length scales. Atomic-scale insight into the processes that are taking place at electrodes will provide the path toward increased efficiency, lifetime, and capacity of lead–acid batteries.
A large gap in technological advancements should be seen as an opportunity for scientific engagement to expand the scope of lead–acid batteries into power grid applications, which currently lack a single energy storage technology with optimal technical and economic performance.
It showed that lithium-ion batteries (3.9 points) would be still the dominant product for the current commercial EV power battery market in a short term.