Both 12V and 24V battery systems operate on the same basic principle: they convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy to power devices. The voltage of a battery system determines how much power it can supply and how efficiently it does so. A 12V battery system mainly comprises individual 12V batteries that deliver a consistent 12 volts.
An inverter, whether it is a 12V or 24V model, absorbs the same amount of power from the battery when seen from the terminals of the battery pack. It is a two-terminal device that always absorbs the same amount of power, as long as its load (the bulb, for example) draws the same amount of power.
Portability: A key advantage of 12V battery systems is their lightweight and compact design. Compatibility: They are compatible with many devices that operate on 12V power, making them versatile and easy to integrate into various setups. Increased Power Output: 24V systems offer more power to devices than 12V systems, enhancing performance.
Reduced Controller Count: A 24V system can halve the number of required solar charge controllers, saving costs and simplifying setup. Improved Efficiency: 24V systems typically operate more efficiently than 12V systems, especially in larger installations.
10V battery voltage on a 24V system could very well mean your batteries are beyond rescue. Might have been caused by completely draining the batteries and not immediately recharging them. Bad battery or bad battery connection. Hopefully the latter.
Using a 24V system with 12V devices requires a converter to step down the voltage. Additionally, the variety of components and devices compatible with 24V systems is less extensive than that for 12V systems, which may limit your options. Choosing between a 12V and a 24V system depends on your specific needs and RV usage.