Ceramic-based dielectric capacitors are very important devices for energy storage in advanced electronic and electrical power systems. As illustrated throughout this paper, ceramic-based dielectrics have been proven to be the most potential candidates for energy storage application, as summarized in Table 2.
Dielectric capacitors have high power density but limited energy storage density, with a more rapid energy transfer than electrochemical capacitors and batteries; this is because they store energy via dielectric polarization in response to the external electrical fields rather than chemical reactions [3, 12, 13, 35].
These achievements in this work propel the field toward more practical and durable solutions of energy storage dielectrics. Dielectric capacitors have risen to prominence in the realm of pulsed power devices, attributable to their exceptional power density and ultrafast charging and discharging capabilities.
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Pure ST ceramics exhibited a relative dielectric permittivity of 300, a breakdown electric field of 1600 kV/mm, and a dielectric loss of 0.01 at RT, and are utilized for integrated circuit applications [39, 42, 46]. Chemical modifications have been adopted to enhance the energy storage properties in ST ceramic capacitors.
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