Jiangxi: Municipal subsidy standard is 0.047 USD/kWh. Shanghai: 784 USD charging subsidy for EV consumers. Anhui: 313 USD charging subsidy for new EV purchasers. Among these incentives, investment subsidies refer to subsidies to investment entities based on a percentage of the total investment.
Leveraging this model, this paper simulates the effects of multiple incentive policies, including investment subsidies, construction subsidies, operation subsidies, user charging subsidies, and policy mixes on EVCI deployment. The results reveal that investment subsidies are quite effective but have more pronounced marginal diminishing effects.
Investing £11 million, National Highways is currently discussing the move with prospective suppliers and plans to install the energy storage systems, which will connect to the motorway services operators’ charge points, within the next two years.
Yang et al. summarized and analyzed the impact of charging modes based on multiple subsidy policies on the economic benefits of charging infrastructure, suggesting that operation subsidies are more beneficial to the construction of charging stations.
Operation subsidies are usually provided to EVCI operators based on the actual charging volume, which is also known as electricity fee reduction in some regions. The impact mechanism of such incentives is to reduce the actual operation costs of charging infrastructure.
Charging subsidies are subsidies provided to EV customers to purchase EVs, which promote the adoption of EVs by local customers and thus increase the demand for charging at local charging stations. The main stakeholders involved in the EVCI deployment process include governments, infrastructure investors, and end-users.