There are several types of plastic film capacitors. Polycarbonate, propylene, polyester, polystyrene, and Mylar are some of the more common dielectric materials used. Some of these types have capacitance values up to 100 μF. The figure shows a common basic construction used in many plastic film capacitors.
Nowadays, many types of capacitors are available in market. Each type of capacitor has its own significance and importance depending on their characteristics and advantages. Some kind of capacitors (like electrolytic capacitors) can charge up to higher voltages. So they are used in high voltage power correction and smoothing circuits.
You can find capacitors in almost all types of electronics today. This is the oldest electronic component with a history of about 250 years. The capacitor (or condenser) is an energy-storing device, a sort of a little rechargeable battery. It contains at least 2 electrical conductors (or plates) that are separated by a dielectric (or insulator).
Essentially, a capacitor consists of two conducting plates separated by an insulating medium called a dielectric. dielectric could be air, mica, ceramic, paper, polyester, polystyrene or polycarbonate plastics, etc.. How do capacitor stores charge? In the neutral state, both plates of a capacitor have an equal number of free electrons.
Simplest air capacitors are made up of two conductive plates separated by an air gap. Air capacitors can be made a variable or fixed capacitance form. Fixed air capacitors are rarely used since there are many other types with superior characteristics. Variable air capacitors are frequently used because of their simple construction.
The paper capacitors consist of two foil sheets of tin that are separated by oily paper or thin wax. This sandwich is then molded into a cylinder shape and then enclosed in a capsule of plastic. Its foils are attached to the exterior load. The range of capacitance of this capacitor is 0.001-2uF. Its voltage is relatively high, up to 2000Volts. 3.