In particular, mechanical vibrations and infrequent shock loads affect all parts of a battery including its smallest energy storing part, the accumulator cell, or short cell. Mechanical stress on cell level may cause market durability failures in the long-term and, especially for lithium-ion cells, these failures might pose a safety risk.
Only a few recent studies investigated the effect of vibrations on the degradation and fatigue of battery cell materials as well as the effect of vibrations on the battery pack structure.
Lithium-ion batteries are considered viable energy storage systems owing to their high specific energy, negligible memory effect, and excellent cycle performance [2, 3]. They are widely used in electric and hybrid vehicles, space shuttles, electric ships, and electrochemical energy storage systems [4, 5].
As Li-ion batteries become more common, research is needed to determine the effect of standard vibration and shock tests as well as that of long-term vibration on battery cells. Accordingly, studies on the effect of vibrations and shocks on Li-ion battery cells have been recently conducted.
The vibration encountered by batteries during transportation, as well as electric vehicle batteries, modules, and battery packs, is typically generated by demanding road conditions and the internal structure of the vehicle.
Lithium-ion batteries are increasingly used in mobile applications where mechanical vibrations and shocks are a constant companion. This work shows how these mechanical loads affect lithium-ion cells. Therefore pouch and cylindrical cells are stressed with vibrational and shock profiles according to the UN 38.3 standard.